Urban Roadworthiness Adequacy Analysis Using Star Rating for Risk-Based Treatment Prioritization

Abstract

Growing urban traffic activity and complexity call for a more comprehensive evaluation of road conditions, one that considers safety alongside capacity. Sumbersari Street- Gajayana Street in Malang City is a strategic corridor linking an educational and residential area with the city center, and is also served by a Bus Rapid Transit line (Trans Jatim Corridor 1), yet an integrated roadworthiness adequacy evaluation of this corridor had never been conducted. This study analyzes the road's roadworthiness adequacy level using the star rating method, referring to Technical Guideline No. 06/P/BM/2024, and develops risk-based treatment priority recommendations. Primary data were collected through field surveys covering 15 consecutive segments of 100 meters each (13 mid-block segments and 2 three-arm intersection segments), capturing geometric attributes, road furniture, pedestrian facilities, and land use, which were processed into a Star Rating Score (SRS) for five motor vehicle crash types. The results show that all 13 mid-block segments (87% of the 15 segments assessed) achieved a 5-star rating (scores of 1.42-2.00), while the 2 intersection segments dropped to a 3-star rating (scores of 6.93 and 9.27), making their average score roughly 5.4 times that of the mid-block segments (based on two intersection segments only). Although the combined average SRS score (2.39) still falls within the 5-star category, a detailed analysis reveals that not a single segment has an adequate sidewalk on both sides of the road, 80% of segments lack pedestrian crossing facilities, and 4 segments near schools have no School Safety Zone. These findings show that the motor vehicle SRS score by design does not capture the facility deficiencies affecting vulnerable road users, so a 5-star motor vehicle rating should not be read as evidence of safety for pedestrians. Nine treatment recommendations were developed based on urgency and risk contribution, prioritizing the provision of sidewalks, pedestrian crossings, intersection channelization, and School Safety Zones.