Implementing Risk Management to Enhance Navigation Safety in Indonesian Maritime Domain
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51278/bpr.v5i3.2038Keywords:
Risk Management, Navigation Safety, Indonesian Maritime DomainAbstract
This study examines the implementation of risk management to improve maritime safety at Teluk Bayur Port, aiming to (1) analyze risk management practices and (2) identify principal risk factors. A descriptive case-study design with supporting quantitative analysis was applied; data were collected by field observation, questionnaires (n = 90, purposive sampling) and documentation; analyses included descriptive percentages, simple regression, SWOT and risk assessment. Results show high awareness of risk management (87.7%) but a significant training gap (53.8% never trained). The main risk factor is adverse weather (82.7%), followed by inadequate infrastructure and human error. Quantitative analysis indicates a positive and significant effect of risk management implementation on maritime safety (regression coefficient b = 0.432; r = 0.860; R² = 0.739; p = 0.000), meaning 73.9% of safety variance is explained by implementation. Mitigation measures involve digital integration, training, and emergency procedures. Conclusion: risk management at Teluk Bayur is underway but not fully optimal or integrated; recommendations include regular training and simulations, infrastructure and navigation equipment modernization, strengthened inter-agency coordination, and data-driven risk management to shift from reactive to predictive and preventive safety practices.
References
Alamoush, A. S., Ballini, F., & Ölçer, A. I. (2024). Management of stakeholders engaged in port energy transition. Energy Policy, 188(October 2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114074
Anand, S., Enayati, M., Raj, D., Montresor, A., & Ramesh, M. V. (2024). Internet over the ocean: A smart IoT-enabled digital ecosystem for empowering coastal fisher communities. Technology in Society, 79(August), 102686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102686
Arifin, R., Hanita, M., & Runturambi, A. J. S. (2024). Maritime border formalities, facilitation and security nexus: Reconstructing immigration clearance in Indonesia. Marine Policy, 163(June 2023), 106101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106101
Bertrand, J. L., Chabot, M., Brusset, X., & Courquin, V. (2024). Identifying assets exposed to physical climate risk: A decision-support methodology. International Journal of Production Economics, 276(August), 109355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2024.109355
Bhatia, B. S., Carrera-Arce, M., Baumler, R., & Grech, M. R. (2024). Seafarers vs. Port State Control: Decoding Work/rest Compliance Data Disparity. Marine Policy, 163(April), 106105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106105
Bjørn, P., Han, M. L., Parezanovic, A., & Larsen, P. (2024). Social fidelity in cooperative virtual reality maritime training. Human-Computer Interaction, 00(00), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/07370024.2024.2372716
Crestelo Moreno, F., Roca Gonzalez, J., Suardíaz Muro, J., & García Maza, J. A. (2022). Relationship between human factors and a safe performance of vessel traffic service operators: A systematic qualitative-based review in maritime safety. Safety Science, 155(March 2022), 105892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.105892
Laine, V., Goerlandt, F., Banda, O. V., Baldauf, M., Koldenhof, Y., & Rytkönen, J. (2021). A risk management framework for maritime Pollution Preparedness and Response: Concepts, processes and tools. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 171(March). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112724
Lange, M., & Cummins, V. (2021). Managing stakeholder perception and engagement for marine energy transitions in a decarbonising world. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 152(September 2020), 111740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111740
Li, K., Gharehgozli, A., & Lee, J. Y. (2023). Smart technologies and port operations: Optimal adoption strategy with network externality consideration. Computers and Industrial Engineering, 184(November 2022), 109557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2023.109557
Liang, M., Su, J., Liu, R. W., & Lam, J. S. L. (2024). AISClean: AIS data-driven vessel trajectory reconstruction under uncertain conditions. Ocean Engineering, 306(May), 117987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117987
Liou, J. H., & Tseng, P. H. (2024). Exploring the ship operation safety indicators of international ports in Taiwan. Maritime Transport Research, 6(December 2023), 100111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.martra.2024.100111
Liu, Z., Zhang, B., Zhang, M., Wang, H., & Fu, X. (2023). A quantitative method for the analysis of ship collision risk using AIS data. Ocean Engineering, 272(February), 113906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.113906
Ma, Q., Tang, H., Liu, C., Zhang, M., Zhang, D., Liu, Z., & Zhang, L. (2024). A big data analytics method for the evaluation of maritime traffic safety using automatic identification system data. Ocean and Coastal Management, 251(March), 107077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107077
Ma, Q., Zhou, Y., Zhang, M., Peng, Q., Fu, S., & Lyu, N. (2023). A method for optimizing maritime emergency resource allocation in inland waterways. Ocean Engineering, 289(P1), 116224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.116224
Meléndez, E., & Goerlandt, F. (2025). Developing a STAMP-Based Port Risk Control Structure to Understand Interorganizational Risk Management in Canadian Ports. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13061131
Mitra, A., Youdon, C., Chauhan, P., & Shaw, R. (2024). Systemic risk capability assessment methodology: A new approach for evaluating inter-connected risks in seaport ecosystems. Progress in Disaster Science, 22(April), 100325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2024.100325
Nikkhah, S., Alahyari, A., Rabiee, A., Allahham, A., & Giaouris, D. (2024). Multi-port coordination: Unlocking flexibility and hydrogen opportunities in green energy networks. International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 158, 109937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.109937
Nsikan, J., Micheal, R., Mercy, O., Adebukola, A., Briggs, I., & Inegbedion, D. (2023). Robust practices for managing maritime supply chain risks: A survey of Nigeria’s seaports. Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 39(4), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2023.09.001
Papamichael, M., Dimopoulos, C., & Boustras, G. (2024). Performing risk assessment for critical infrastructure protection: an investigation of transnational challenges and human decision-making considerations. Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, 9(4), 367–385. https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2024.2340368
Pauksztat, B., Grech, M. R., & Kitada, M. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on seafarers’ mental health and chronic fatigue: Beneficial effects of onboard peer support, external support and Internet access. Marine Policy, 137(January), 104942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104942
Phanphichit, T., & Bartusevičienė, I. (2024). Perspectives of stakeholders on onboard training: A thematic analysis of qualitative interviews. Journal of International Maritime Safety, Environmental Affairs, and Shipping, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/25725084.2024.2408698
Prabowo, Y. A., Hansen, P. N., Papageorgiou, D., & Galeazzi, R. (2024). Good Seamanship Score Quantification in Complex and Congested Waterways. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 58(20), 341–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2024.10.077
Puig, M., & Darbra, R. M. (2024). Innovations and insights in environmental monitoring and assessment in port areas. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 70, 101472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2024.101472
Rahayu, L., Busscher, T., Tillema, T., & Woltjer, J. (2024). Maritime transport governance challenges in the Global South. Marine Policy, 163(October 2023), 106147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106147
Relling, T., Lützhöft, M., Ostnes, R., & Hildre, H. P. (2022). The contribution of Vessel Traffic Services to safe coexistence between automated and conventional vessels. Maritime Policy and Management, 49(7), 990–1009. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2021.1937739
Sepehri, A., Kirichek, A., van den Heuvel, M., & van Koningsveld, M. (2024). Smart, sustainable, and circular port maintenance: A comprehensive framework and multi-stakeholder approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 370(September), 122625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122625
Sprajcer, M., Thomas, M. J. W., Sargent, C., Crowther, M. E., Boivin, D. B., Wong, I. S., Smiley, A., & Dawson, D. (2022). How effective are Fatigue Risk Management Systems (FRMS)? A review. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 165(September 2021), 106398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2021.106398
Sunitiyoso, Y., Nuraeni, S., Pambudi, N. F., Inayati, T., Nurdayat, I. F., Hadiansyah, F., & Tiara, A. R. (2022). Port performance factors and their interactions: A systems thinking approach. Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 38(2), 107–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2022.04.001
Surucu-Balci, E., Iris, Ç., & Balci, G. (2024). Digital information in maritime supply chains with blockchain and cloud platforms: Supply chain capabilities, barriers, and research opportunities. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 198(October 2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122978
Ta, M. T. D., Kim, T. eun, & Gausdal, A. H. (2022). Leadership styles and safety performance in high-risk industries: a systematic review. Safety and Reliability, 41(1), 10–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/09617353.2022.2035627
Tao, J., Liu, Z., Wang, X., Cao, Y., Zhang, M., Loughney, S., Wang, J., & Yang, Z. (2024). Hazard identification and risk analysis of maritime autonomous surface ships: A systematic review and future directions. Ocean Engineering, 307(October 2023), 118174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.118174
Utama, D. R., Hamsal, M., Abdinagoro, S. B., & Rahim, R. K. (2024). Developing a digital transformation maturity model for port assessment in archipelago countries: The Indonesian case. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 26(August 2023), 101146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2024.101146
Wang, H., Liu, Z., Wang, X., Huang, D., Cao, L., & Wang, J. (2022). Analysis of the injury-severity outcomes of maritime accidents using a zero-inflated ordered probit model. Ocean Engineering, 258(July), 111796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.111796
Wu, S., & Yang, Z. (2024). Impact of port integration on port service quality in the context of shipping alliance. Transport Economics and Management, 2(818), 331–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.team.2024.09.009
Zhang, M., Kujala, P., & Hirdaris, S. (2022). A machine learning method for the evaluation of ship grounding risk in real operational conditions. Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 226(July), 108697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2022.108697
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Rosnani, Euis Happy Wangloan, I Kadek Laju, Rizal Rochmansyah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
