Transformation of Maqāṣid al-Syarī'ah Based on Ibn Taymiyyah's Thought in Responding to the Development of E-Commerce Law in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51278/bce.v6i2.2663Keywords:
Maqāṣid al-Syarī'ah, Ibn Taymiyyah, E--Commerce, Sharia Digital EconomyAbstract
This study examines the transformation of. maqāṣid al-syarī'ah based on Ibn Taymiyyah's thought as a normative framework in responding to the development of e-commerce law in Indonesia. The acceleration of the digital economy, which reached IDR 671 trillion in 2024 according to Bank Indonesia, has created a chronic mismatch between classical fiqh muamalah and contemporary transaction practices, ranging from smart contracts, peer-to-peer lending, sharia crowdfunding, to data protection and platform algorithm regulation. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative data through a Likert-scale questionnaire (1–5) consisting of 25 items distributed to 156 respondents from three major economic centers (Jakarta, Bandung, and Surabaya), and qualitative data through in-depth interviews with 12 key informants, including DSN-MUI scholars, OJK regulators, sharia fintech practitioners, and academics. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics through IBM SPSS, while qualitative data were processed using the Miles and Huberman framework. The results show that Ibn Taymiyyah's maqāṣid framework produces four significant transformations: (1) from defensive ḥifẓ al-māl to productive ḥifẓ al-māl (mean=3.78); (2) from verbal ijab-qabul to substantive digital consent (mean=3.81); (3) the development of ḥifẓ al-bayānāt as data protection (mean=3.92); and (4) from market tas'īr to algorithm regulation based on ḥisbah (mean=3.65). Notably, respondents in Jakarta showed the highest acceptance of digital contract validity (3.89), while Surabaya respondents excelled in the ḥifẓ al-bayānāt dimension (3.97). This study contributes empirical evidence that Ibn Taymiyyah's substantialist approach is more adaptive than al-Ghazālī's defensive framework in addressing digital legal challenges, while offering practical recommendations for DSN-MUI, OJK, and legislators to design sharia-based e-commerce regulations that are responsive to contemporary needs
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