Analysis of the Cost Recovery Rate (CRR) for BPJS Inpatients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51278/bce.v6i3.2457Keywords:
Cost Recovery Rate, BPJS, Inpatient Care, INA-CBGs, VOSviewerAbstract
This study aims to analyze the development of Cost Recovery Rate (CRR) research on BPJS inpatient services through a systematic literature review approach combined with bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer. CRR is an important indicator for assessing a hospital’s ability to cover inpatient service costs within the INA-CBGs financing scheme. The study adopts the PRISMA protocol, encompassing the stages of identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion. Data sources were obtained from Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science, covering publications from 2017 to 2025. The selection process resulted in 25 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using network visualization and overlay visualization to map relationships among keywords and identify research trends. The mapping results reveal four main clusters: (1) patient characteristics and length of stay, (2) hospital cost analysis and tariff comparison, (3) evaluation of hospital performance in Indonesia, and (4) medical procedures and treatment complexity. The synthesis findings indicate that the CRR of BPJS inpatient services generally remains below 100%, suggesting that INA-CBGs tariffs have not fully covered hospital service costs. The most influential factors affecting CRR include length of stay, disease severity, type of medical procedures, class of care, and hospital cost structure. Overlay visualization demonstrates a shift in research focus from patient characteristics and basic cost analysis toward activity-based costing, service efficiency, and the appropriateness of INA-CBGs tariffs. Publication frequency also shows a significant increase in 2025. This study highlights that CRR research has evolved from clinical factor analysis toward broader evaluations of hospital financing systems and cost management efficiency.
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