Feasibility of Intelligent Electrical Installation Trainer to Support Industry 4.0 Competency for Students of SMK PGRI 3 Malang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51278/bse.v5i2.1859Keywords:
Project-Based Learning, Intelligent Electrical Installations, Students CompetencyAbstract
The electricity industry is undergoing a transformation from conventional systems to intelligent, digitally connected, and efficient electrical networks, driven by rapid technological advancements in the Industry 4.0 era. As a result, professionals in this sector must acquire skills in emerging technologies such as automation, artificial intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT). To address this evolving need, the Electric Power Generation study program at Vocational High School (SMK) PGRI 3 Malang has adopted a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) approach. This study investigates the feasibility and effectiveness of an Intelligent Electrical Installation trainer as a learning tool in supporting student competencies aligned with Industry 4.0 requirements. Initial observations indicated that students exhibited low interest and difficulty in understanding modern electrical systems. The implementation of PjBL is expected to increase student engagement and improve their technical capabilities in designing and implementing IoT- and automation-based electrical systems. The study employs a research and development (R&D) methodology using a branch-based ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). Validation results show a high level of feasibility, with media and content experts rating it at 91.5% and student feedback at 88%. This research contributes to the field of vocational education by developing and validating an innovative, technology-driven instructional model tailored to Industry 4.0 demands. It offers practical insights into enhancing teaching strategies through project-based learning, thereby better preparing vocational students for the high-tech workforce.
References
Abdulrahaman, M. D., Faruk, N., Olosyede, A. A., Surajudeen-Bakinde, N. T., Olawoyin, L. A., Mejabi, O. V., Imam-Fulani, Y. O., Fahm, A. O., & Azeez, A. L. (2020). Multimedia tools in the teaching and learning processes: A systematic review. Heliyon, 6(11). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05312
Álvarez Macías, H. A., Peña Gallardo, R., Pecina Sánchez, J. Á., Soubervielle Montalvo, C., Hernández Rodríguez, A., & Arellano González, J. C. (2025). Evaluation of the Electricity Consumption Index Based on a Level Two Energy Audit: A Case Study of University Facilities in Mexico. Sustainability, 17(13), 5892. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135892
Amirrudin, M., Nasution, K., & Supahar, S. (2021). Effect of variability on Cronbach alpha reliability in research practice. Jurnal Matematika, Statistika dan Komputasi, 17(2), 223–230. https://doi.org/10.20956/jmsk.v17i2.11655
Astuti, M., Arifin, Z., Mutohhari, F., & Nurtanto, M. (2021). Competency of digital technology: The maturity levels of teachers and students in vocational education in Indonesia. Journal of Education Technology, 5(2), 254–262. https://doi.org/10.23887/jet.v5i3.35108
Baidowi, B., Arjudin, A., Novitasari, D., & Kertiyani, N. M. I. (2023). The Development of Project Based Learning Module for Vocational High Schools to Improve Critical Thingking Skills. JTAM (Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika), 7(1), 217–230. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v7i1.11806
Belu, R. G., Belu, A., & Ye, Z. (2021). Project-based learning approach in teaching power and energy engineering courses. 2021 ASEE virtual annual conference content access. https://sftp.asee.org/project-based-learning-approach-in-teaching-power-and-energy-engineering-courses.pdf. https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--37612
Bunyamin, B. (2023). Internet of Things for Project-Based Learning in “Vocational High School Building Village Program.” JINoP (Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran), 9(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.22219/jinop.v9i2.26322
Ccama-Mamani, K. R., Haro, D. C., Gutierrez, M. R., Palomino-Marcelo, L., & Rodriguez-Reyes, J. C. F. (2021). Improving professional skills in a multidisciplinary team of undergraduate engineering students through project-based learning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2102(1), 012001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2102/1/012001
Damarwan, E. S., Budiastuti, P., & Triatmaja, A. K. (2022). Development of Basic Electrical Learning Video to Improve Student’s Competencies. Journal of Vocational Education Studies, 5(2), 303–311. https://doi.org/10.12928/joves.v5i2.6997
Derkach, T. M., Bilianska, M., & Yaroshenko, O. G. (2023). Project-based learning as an approach to enhance ecological component in professional education. Educational Technology Quarterly (ETQ, Educ. Technol. Q). https://doi.org/10.55056/etq.638
Elayyan, S. (2021). The future of education according to the fourth industrial revolution. Journal of Educational Technology and Online Learning, 4(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.737193
Fadel, F. M., Irwanto, I., & Cahyono, B. D. (2025). Development of a Digital Electronics Trainer Kit as a Learning Medium for Basic Concepts of Electricity and Electronics in Vocational High Schools. TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal, 4(4), 886–895.
Gallagher, S. E., & Savage, T. (2023). Challenge-based learning in higher education: An exploratory literature review. Teaching in Higher Education, 28(6), 1135–1157. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2020.1863354
García-García, F. J., López-Francés, I., Gargallo-López, B., & Pérez-Pérez, C. (2022). Content validation of the ‘learning to learn’competence in undergraduate studies. Revista de Investigación Educativa, 40(2), 513–530. https://doi.org/10.6018/rie.466271
Ghobakhloo, M. (2020). Industry 4.0, digitization, and opportunities for sustainability. Journal of cleaner production, 252, 119869.
Ghobakhloo, M., & Fathi, M. (2021). Industry 4.0 and opportunities for energy sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 295, 126427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126427
Gunarathna, C., Yang, R., Wijeratne Mudiyanselage, P., Amarasinghe, G., Samarasinghalage, T., Weerasinghe, R. N., Zhao, H., Zhang, C., Liu, C., & Wang, K. (2024). Project-based learning for proactive skills development of postgraduate students in solar energy building design digitalisation. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 13(4), 828–855. https://doi.org/10.1108/SASBE-08-2022-0173
Gurjanov, A. V., Zakoldaev, D. A., Shukalov, A. V., & Zharinov, I. O. (2020). The high industrial Education 4.0 soft skills and hard skills. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1691(1), 012022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1691/1/012022
Hamdani, A., & Suherman, A. (2021). Self-design Project Based Learning: Alternative Learning in Vocational Education. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 13(3), 67–78. https://doi.org/10.30880/jtet.2021.13.03.007
Hamilton, D., McKechnie, J., Edgerton, E., & Wilson, C. (2021). Immersive virtual reality as a pedagogical tool in education: A systematic literature review of quantitative learning outcomes and experimental design. Journal of Computers in Education, 8(1), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-020-00169-2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-020-00169-2
Handoko, W. T., Falah, M. Z., Syah, A. I., Azhari, M. H. R., Ningtiaz, P. G., & Handayani, A. N. (2023). Improving the quality of learning in the tkj department through the line follower robot trainer at smk nu 1 karanggeneng. Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(5), 10037–10042.
Hardhienata, S., Suchyadi, Y., & Wulandari, D. (2021). Strengthening technological literacy in junior high school teachers in the industrial revolution era 4.0. JHSS (Journal of Humanities and Social Studies), 5(3), 330–335. https://doi.org/10.33751/jhss.v5i3.4220
Haryudo, S. I., Ekohariadi, E., Munoto, M., Rijanto, T., & Baskoro, F. (2021). Implementation of trainer kits in project-based learning to improve critical thinking, motivation, and competency of electrical engineering students [PhD Thesis, State University of Malang]. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1387/1/012076
Haryudo, S. I., Nurlaela, L., & Sondang, M. (2019). The effect of motivation in learning used an electric installation automation trainer based on Project Based Learning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1387(1), 012076. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1387/1/012076/meta
Hinon, K., Nilsook, P., & Wannapiroon, P. (2020). Development of Lesson Plans for Practicing Electrical Installation Professional Experience with Competency-Based Training System in Building Electricians. Dalam M. E. Auer, H. Hortsch, & P. Sethakul (Ed.), The Impact of the 4th Industrial Revolution on Engineering Education (hlm. 222–233). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40271-6_23
Hooda, M., Rana, C., Dahiya, O., Rizwan, A., & Hossain, M. S. (2022). Artificial Intelligence for Assessment and Feedback to Enhance Student Success in Higher Education. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2022(1), 5215722. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5215722
Isa, Z. C., Azid, N., & Herawati, H. (2023). Development of electrical design e-learning application. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2750(1), 050038. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0148822
Islam, M. M., & Hasanuzzaman, M. (2020). Introduction to energy and sustainable development. Dalam Energy for sustainable development (hlm. 1–18). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814645-3.00001-8
Ismail, A. A., & Hassan, R. (2019). Technical competencies in digital technology towards industrial revolution 4.0. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.30880/jtet.2019.11.03.008
Izah, S. C., Sylva, L., & Hait, M. (2023). Cronbach’s alpha: A cornerstone in ensuring reliability and validity in environmental health assessment. ES Energy & Environment, 23, 1057. https://doi.org/10.30919/esee1057
Jalinus, N. (2021). Developing blended learning model in vocational education based on 21st century integrated learning and industrial revolution 4.0. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 12(8), 1239–1254.
Kayohana, K. W., Asnawi, R., & Amaria, M. A. (2023). The effectiveness of iot-based learning media for supporting the expertise program of renewable energy engineering in vocational high school. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan, 29(2), 170–188. https://doi.org/10.21831/jptk.v29i2.52766
Kovalchuk, V., Maslich, S. V., Tkachenko, N., Shevchuk, S. S., & Shchypska, T. P. (2022). Vocational education in the context of modern problems and challenges. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching, 8(11), 329–338. https://doi.org/10.5430/jct.v11n8p329
Kwiotkowska, A., Gajdzik, B., Wolniak, R., Vveinhardt, J., & Gębczyńska, M. (2021). Leadership competencies in making Industry 4.0 effective: The case of Polish heat and power industry. Energies, 14(14), 4338. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144338
Lee, E. (2020). Developing a Low-Cost Microcontroller-Based Model for Teaching and Learning. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 921–934. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.2.921
Matondang, S. M. (2021). The Development of Interactive Multimedia on Electrical Motor Installation Based on Project Based Learning for Vocational High School. 6th Annual International Seminar on Transformative Education and Educational Leadership (AISTEEL 2021), 53–60. https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/aisteel-21/125962824. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211110.060
Menggo, S., Pramesti, P. D. M. Y., & Krismayani, N. W. (2023). Integrating Project-Based Learning in Preparing Students’ Interpersonal Communication Skills on Speaking Courses in Indonesia. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 22(9), 219–240. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.9.12
Metallidou, C. K., Psannis, K. E., & Egyptiadou, E. A. (2020). Energy efficiency in smart buildings: IoT approaches. IEEE access, 8, 63679–63699. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2984461
Mhlongo, S., Mbatha, K., Ramatsetse, B., & Dlamini, R. (2023). Challenges, opportunities, and prospects of adopting and using smart digital technologies in learning environments: An iterative review. Heliyon, 9(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16348
Mustakim, W., Effendi, H., Giatman, M., & Wulandari, D. P. (2024). Development of Internet of Things Trainer Kit as a Learning Media for Digital Circuit Subjects in Higher Education. International Journal of Online & Biomedical Engineering, 20(9). https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v20i09.48349
Nilsook, P., & Wannapiroon, P. (2020). Electrical Installation Professional Experience with Competency-Based Training System in Building Electricians. The Impact of the 4th Industrial Revolution on Engineering Education: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning (ICL2019)–Volume 2, 1135, 222. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40271-6_23
Novaliendry, D., Darmi, R., Hendriyani, Y., Nor, M., & Azman, A. (2020). Smart learning media based on android technology. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 12(11), 715–735.
Nurrahman, A., Cahyani, M. D., Nurfatmawati, L., & Wibowo, H. (2023). Developing E-Learning Evaluation Instruments: A Study in Vocational School. Journal of Office Administration: Education and Practice, 3(3), 163–174. https://doi.org/10.26740/joaep.v3n3.p163-174
Nwineh, L., & Okwelle, P. C. (2018). Acquisition of practical skills in domestic electrical installation: Computer simulation versus demonstration approach. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.30880/jtet.2018.10.01.004
Oschepkov, A. A., Kidinov, A. V., Babieva, N. S., Vrublevskiy, A. S., Egorova, E. V., & Zhdanov, S. P. (2022). STEM technology-based model helps create an educational environment for developing students’ technical and creative thinking. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 18(5), em2110. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/12033
Pereyras, J. (2020). Acceptability and technical feasibility of an electrical wiring installation trainer. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3669427
Pereyras, J. G. (2020). Development of an electrical wiring installation trainer. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(3), 4458–4461.
Pérez-Rodríguez, R., Lorenzo-Martin, R., Trinchet-Varela, C. A., Simeón-Monet, R. E., Miranda, J., Cortés, D., & Molina, A. (2022). Integrating challenge-based-learning, project-based-learning, and computer-aided technologies into industrial engineering teaching: Towards a sustainable development framework. Интеграция образования Integration of Education, 26(2), 198–215. https://doi.org/10.15507/1991-9468.107.026.202202.198-215
Prasetya, L. A., Herwanto, H. W., & Yoto, Y. (2024). Development of Learning Modules for Electric Power Plant Machinery for Class XI Phase F of Electric Power Plant Engineering Expertise Program in Vocational Schools. IJECA (International Journal of Education and Curriculum Application), 7(3), 279–291. https://doi.org/10.31764/ijeca.v7i3.26218
Prastyaningrum, I., Ardi, P., Purwandari, E., & Hidayat, W. (2024). Project-Based Learning in Smart Solar Panel System for Analysis 21st Century Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(9), 6756–6765. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i9.7639
Purwanto, M. B., Hartono, R., & Wahyuni, S. (2023). Essential skills challenges for the 21st century graduates: Creating a generation of high-level competence in the industrial revolution 4.0 era. Asian Journal of Applied Education (AJAE), 2(3), 279–292. https://doi.org/10.55927/ajae.v2i3.3972
Qin, C. (2024). Discussion on the Curriculum Design and Implementation of Competency-Based Vocational Education. Journal of Modern Educational Theory and Practice, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.70767/jmetp.v1i2.357
Quispe, E. C., Viveros Mira, M., Chamorro Díaz, M., Castrillón Mendoza, R., & Vidal Medina, J. R. (2025). Energy Management Systems in Higher Education Institutions’ Buildings. Energies, 18(7), 1810. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071810
Raschke, N., Wey, L., & Arendt, T. (2023). Smart Energy, Smart Schools: Project-Based Learning About Energy Transition and Digitalization. Dalam Digitalization, New Media, and Education for Sustainable Development (hlm. 226–246). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5033-5.ch015
Rizkiansyah, M., & Yunus, U. (2022). The Dissemination of Electric Control Installation Based on Microcontroller Through Digital Application in The Vocational School Environmental. 2022 International Conference on Information Management and Technology (ICIMTech), 312–317. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMTech55957.2022.9915124
Roll, M., & Ifenthaler, D. (2021). Learning Factories 4.0 in technical vocational schools: Can they foster competence development? Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training, 13(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40461-021-00124-0
Rosales, V. (2022). Acceptability of Electrical Installation and Maintenance Instructional Trainer. Asia Research Network Journal of Education, 2(2), 84–101.
Salsabila, A., & Khairudin, M. (2021). Analysis of the need for the development of learning media for IOT-Based smart building installation systems. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1833(1), 012064. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1833/1/012064
Salutina, T. Y., Platunina, G. P., & Frank, I. A. (2024). Development and Application of Interactive Educational Technologies in Training Students in Electrical and Electronic Engineering Specialties. 2024 Systems of Signals Generating and Processing in the Field of on Board Communications, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF60226.2024.10496807
Samad, S., & Setyabudhi, A. L. (2023). Application of Video-Based Learning Media with Applications to Improve Learning Activities of Vocational High School Students. Technical and Vocational Education International Journal (TAVEIJ), 3(1), 22–27. https://doi.org/10.55642/taveij.v3i1.211
Sigiro, G. H. (2021). Development of Interactive Multimedia Blended Learning Based on Problem-Based Learning on Electrical Lighting Installation Subjects. 331–337. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211110.104
Suarti, S., & Alfandi, M. (2024). Effectiveness Of Implementing Project Learning Models Based Learning Through Making Simple Solar Power Plants On Learning OutcomeS. Bohouth Tarbaweya Journal, 1(1), 1–7.
Sudjimat, D. A., & Permadi, L. C. (2021). Impact of Work and Project-Based Learning Models on Learning Outcomes and Motivation of Vocational High School Students. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 21(2).
Sukardjo, M., Khasanah, U., & Rahman, F. (2022). Trainer Effectiveness in Basic Electrical and Electronic Practices in Vocational High Schools. JTP-Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 24(3), 412–425. https://doi.org/10.21009/jtp.v24i3.33595
Sukir, S., Asnawi, R., Taruno, D. L. B., & Hanif, N. M. (2023). The Feasibility of the Smart Building Training Kit as Learning Media for Electrical Lighting Installation Practices in Vocational High Schools. Jurnal Edukasi Elektro, 7(1), 36–43. https://doi.org/10.21831/jee.v7i1.60894
Taha, S., Thalib, S. B., & Pattaufi, A. (2023). Level Of Validity And Practicality Of Electrical Installation Practice Learning Model To Improve Occupational Health And Safety In Vocational School. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 449–456. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220402.060
Taruno, D. L., Ali, M., Sukisno, T., & Putra, Y. U. (2025). Design and implementation of electrical power factor improvement installation training unit. AIP Conference Proceedings, 3281(1), 040001. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0261447
Taryana, T., Riniati, W. O., Haddar, G. A., Sembiring, D., & Mutmainnah, M. (2023). The influence of teacher certification and teaching motivation on teacher performance. Journal on Education, 5(3), 6726–6735. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v5i3.1455
Usman, K. O. (2023). Strategies For Improving Collaboration Between Technical Colleges And Industries For Skills Acquisition In Electrical Installation And Maintenance Work In Niger State [PhD Thesis]. http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/24171
Wafudu, S. J., Kamin, Y. B., & Marcel, D. (2022). Validity and reliability of a questionnaire developed to explore quality assurance components for teaching and learning in vocational and technical education. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 9(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01306-1
Yadav, A., Connolly, C., Berges, M., Chytas, C., Franklin, C., Hijón-Neira, R., Macann, V., Margulieux, L., Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A., & Warner, J. R. (2022). A Review of International Models of Computer Science Teacher Education. Proceedings of the 2022 Working Group Reports on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, 65–93. https://doi.org/10.1145/3571785.3574123
Yahya, M. (2023). The Role of the Use of IoT (Internet of Things) Microcontrollers in the Electronics vocational education sector in Practicum Learning. Journal of Embedded Systems, Security and Intelligent Systems, 91–96. https://doi.org/10.59562/jessi.v4i2.921
Yanto, D. T. P., Kabatiah, M., Zaswita, H., Giatman, G., & Effendi, H. (2022). Development of Virtual Learning using Problem-Based Learning Models for Vocational Education Students. ELINVO (Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education), 7(2), 163–172. https://doi.org/10.21831/elinvo.v7i2.52473
Yisa, J. (2023). Strategies For Improving School-Industry Collaboration Between Technical Colleges And Industries For Enhancing Skills Acquisition In Electrical Installation And Maintaince Work Trade In Niger State [PhD Thesis]. http://irepo.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/24173
Yoto, Marsono, Suyetno, A., Mawangi, P. A. N., Romadin, A., & Paryono. (2024). The role of industry to unlock the potential of the Merdeka curriculum for vocational school. Cogent Education, 11(1), 2335820. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2335820
Yudha, F. A. K., Suwanda, T., Fadullah, I. F., Kurniawan, A., & Ardiyansyah, N. (2024). Designing and Training the Trainer Kit Smart Home for Learning Media of the Internet of Things in SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Jatinom Klaten. Proceeding International Conference of Community Service, 2(2). https://prosiding.umy.ac.id/iccs/index.php/iccs/article/view/423
Zbaravska, L., Chaikovska, O., Bilyk, T., Budnyak, L., Dobrovolska, E., & Kirika, D. (2020). Strategies for effective vocational training of high school students in electrical engineering. E3S Web of Conferences, 154, 07010. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015407010
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Wahyu Tri Handoko, Mohamad Rodhi Faiz, Mustafa Darmanto, Luthfianti Wahyu Noerlillah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
