Judicial Discretion in Marriage Dispensation: Comparative Analysis of Granted and Rejected Cases through Maslahah Mursalah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51278/bil.v3i1.2540Keywords:
Marriage Dispensation, Maslahah Mursalah, Judicial Consideration, Islamic Family Law, Maqāṣid Al-Syarī‘AhAbstract
This study examines judicial considerations in granting and rejecting marriage dispensation applications from the perspective of maslahah mursalah at the Metro Religious Court. The research employs a qualitative socio-legal approach by combining normative legal analysis with empirical data obtained through semi-structured interviews with judges, court decisions, and related legal documents. This study analyzes two cases: Case Number 58/Pdt.P/2023/PA.Mt., in which the court granted the dispensation, and Case Number 50/Pdt.P/2023/PA.Mt., in which the court rejected the application. The findings show that judges granted the dispensation in Case Number 58/Pdt.P/2023/PA.Mt. to achieve maslahah by protecting lineage (hifz al-nasl), safeguarding the legal status of the unborn child, and preventing greater social harm caused by pregnancy outside marriage. The judges also considered the prevention of social stigma and family disgrace as part of efforts to maintain social welfare. In contrast, the judges rejected the application in Case Number 50/Pdt.P/2023/PA.Mt. to prevent mufsadah, particularly psychological harm, educational discontinuity, economic vulnerability, and the risk of unstable household conditions due to the child’s immaturity. The rejection reflects the application of sadd adz-dzari’ah to prevent future harm and protect the child’s welfare. The novelty of this study lies in its comparative analysis of granted and rejected marriage dispensation cases through the framework of maslahah mursalah. The study demonstrates that judges at the Metro Religious Court apply contextual and dynamic legal reasoning by balancing jalb al-masalih (attaining benefits) and dar’u al-mafasid (preventing harms) in order to achieve the objectives of Islamic law and child protection principles.
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