Sengketa Waris Tanpa Anak: Tinjauan Hukum Islam dan Hukum Perdata Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51278/bil.v2i2.1813Keywords:
Inheritance, Childless Heirs, Family Conflict, Faraid, Indonesian Civil Code.Abstract
Conflicts in the distribution of inheritance in families without children are a recurring legal issue that often leads to disputes among heirs, particularly when there are differing interpretations regarding rightful beneficiaries and the legal framework applied. The absence of direct descendants broadens inheritance claims to parents, siblings, and other relatives, making potential disputes more complex. This study aims to analyze the causes of inheritance conflicts in childless families and to compare dispute resolution mechanisms under Islamic Inheritance Law and the Indonesian Civil Code. This research employs a normative legal approach combined with a phenomenological perspective through literature studies of statutory regulations, scholarly articles, and relevant case reports. Data were analyzed descriptively to identify core conflict factors and patterns of resolution. The findings indicate that differences between the Islamic inheritance system (faraid), which assigns fixed shares, and the Indonesian Civil Code, which provides flexibility through testamentary arrangements, serve as a primary source of conflict. In addition, emotional factors such as perceived caregiving contributions to the deceased, lack of family communication, and the absence of inheritance planning—such as wills or lifetime grants—further intensify disputes. Dispute resolution is more effective through family deliberation and mediation based on kinship values, whereas litigation in religious or civil courts often prolongs tensions. Therefore, early inheritance planning and the application of non-litigation settlement mechanisms are essential to maintaining fairness and preserving family harmony.
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