Bulletin of Community Engagement (ISSN 2774-7077) published by CV. Creative Tugu Pena. It's three times in year (April, August, December). SINTA 2 Bulletin of Community Engagement concern and publish articles that explore the principles, practices, and impact of coaching, volunteerism, philanthropy, social and economic development in various sectors. The journal aims to provide a platform for academic discussions, empirical studies, and applied research that contribute to the development of these fields and their role in personal, organizational, and societal transformation. This journal welcomes interdisciplinary research employing both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including but not limited to: see focus & scope
Study Integrates SEM and Fsqca As Drivers Organizational Factor Customer Orientation and Competitive Environment of Hotel Performance
The rapid growth of the tourism industry has intensified competition within the hotel sector, compelling hotel management to enhance performance to maintain customer appeal. This study aims to analyze the influence of Organizational Factor, Customer Orientation, and Competitive Environment on Hotel Performance in five-star hotels in Central Java, employing a quantitative explanatory design with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 134 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). The PLS-SEM results indicate that Customer Orientation and Competitive Environment have significant positive effects on Hotel Performance, whereas Organizational Factor shows no substantial direct effect; however, all three variables collectively strengthen hotels' organizational capability. The fsQCA results complement these findings by demonstrating that no single condition independently determines Hotel Performance; instead, high performance is achieved through three alternative causal configurations: Competitive Environment and Customer Orientation, Competitive Environment and Organizational Factor, and Customer Orientation and Organizational Factor. Taken together, the integrated findings reveal that hotel performance is predominantly driven by the ability to understand customer needs and respond to competitive pressures. At the same time, organizational factors become influential when they operate in combination with other conditions within specific configurational patterns. Hotel management can utilize customer relationship management (CRM) systems integrated with market analytics platforms to capture customer behavior and monitor competitor strategies. In addition, regular workshops can be conducted to equip employees with the skills required to respond effectively to competitive pressures. Furthermore, hotels should implement standard operating procedures (SOPs) that prioritize service personalization based on customer profiles
Copyright (c) 2026 Erny Kusmastuti, Denny Bernadus, Timotius Febry http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Determination of Human Development Index
This study aims to analyze the influence of the Poverty Level and Government Expenditure in Education on the Human Development Index (HDI) in Papua Province. The data used are secondary data taken from 2013 to 2024. The data were analyzed using quantitative methods and multiple linear regression analysis techniques with the help of the SPSS version 21 application. The results of the study indicate that partially the poverty level does not have a significant effect on the Human Development Index with a calculated t value of 1.532 and a t table value of 2.25462 obtained from the t table formula and a significance value of 0.195. If seen the calculated t value <t table and significance value> 0.05. In the variable of government expenditure partially has a significant effect on the human development index with a calculated t value of 10.455 and a t table value of 2.26462 obtained from the t table formula and a significance value of 0.000. If seen the calculated t value> t table and significance value < 0.05. Meanwhile, simultaneously, the variables of poverty level and government spending in the education sector have an influence on the human development index in Papua Province.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fenty Y. Manuhuttu, Okto Irianto, Esy D. Lewaherilla, Adi Maulana Rachman, Agustinus Fangohoy, Marthen A.I. Nahumury http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Impact of Dental Health Service Quality and Innovative Entrepreneurial Orientation on Business Performance in Dental Clinics: A Resource-Based View Framework
This study investigates the impact of dental healthcare service quality and innovative entrepreneurial orientation on the business performance of dental clinics in the Greater Malang region. A quantitative research design was applied through a survey involving 39 respondents, including clinic managers, dentists, and professionals knowledgeable about clinic management and operations. The collected data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to evaluate the relationships among the study variables systematically and accurately. The findings reveal that dental service quality significantly contributes to improving clinic business performance through service structure, service processes, and patient outcomes. Better service quality enhances patient satisfaction, strengthens customer loyalty, and supports sustainable business growth. Furthermore, innovative entrepreneurial orientation was found to positively influence clinic performance. This orientation is reflected in the clinics’ ability to develop innovations, respond proactively to market changes, and take strategic risks in a competitive healthcare environment. The study also highlights that innovative entrepreneurship enables clinics to adapt their business strategies to the rapidly changing healthcare market. Innovation in both healthcare services and managerial practices helps clinics improve competitiveness and maintain long-term sustainability. Overall, the research emphasizes that combining high-quality dental services with innovative entrepreneurial practices plays a crucial role in optimizing business performance and sustaining competitive advantage in the dental healthcare industry.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nina Agustin Chrystinasari, Murpin Josua Sembiring, David Sukardi Kodrat http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Collaborative Governance Analysis in Reducing Marriage Dispensation Requests: A Study of Multi Layered Verification Mechanisms in Bondowoso Regency
This study examines the implementation of collaborative governance to reduce marriage dispensation requests in Bondowoso Regency, East Java, through a multi-layered verification mechanism involving six key stakeholders: Social Affairs Agency (Dinas Sosial P3AKB), Health Agency, Religious Court, Ministry of Religious Affairs, Children’s Forum, and community leaders. Utilizing the Ansell and Gash (2008) collaborative governance framework, this qualitative case study employs Miles and Huberman’s interactive model for data analysis. Findings reveal that formal collaboration through the 2023 Memorandum of Understanding and Cooperation Agreement, combined with a five‑stage verification innovation (digital filtering, mandatory psychological assessment, medical examination at five specialized referral health centers, cognitive filter, and a two‑year anti‑divorce stamped statement), successfully reduced dispensation requests by 87.6 percent, from 1,077 cases in 2020 to 133 in 2025. However, the persistence of unregistered marriages (37 percent of applicants) and pre‑marital pregnancy (25 percent) indicates a displacement effect, suggesting that procedural rigidity in formal mechanisms redirects behavior toward informal practices. The study proposes two norm transformation strategies: victim testimony‑based campaigns and religious authority legitimation. This research contributes to collaborative governance literature by identifying structural interdependence and layered institutional design as critical mechanisms for addressing socially rooted problems beyond voluntary compliance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Raudhatul Adhawiyah Novita Zaini, Lilik Wahyuni, Alifiulahtin Utaminingsih http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Dual Role of Revenue Concentration in Corporate Landbanking: Evidence from Urbanizing Property Markets
This study examines the determinants of corporate landbanking behavior by integrating macroeconomic demand factors with firm-level strategic characteristics. Focusing on publicly listed property developers in Indonesia, it investigates how urbanization and exchange rate uncertainty influence landbanking decisions, and how these effects are conditioned by firms’ revenue concentration. Using panel data regression analysis, the results show that urbanization significantly increases landbanking, confirming its role as a key demand-side driver in property markets. Exchange rate uncertainty also has a positive effect, suggesting that firms use landbanking as a strategic tool to preserve flexibility under macroeconomic volatility. At the firm level, revenue concentration is positively associated with landbanking, indicating that more focused firms allocate greater resources to land as a core strategic asset. More importantly, this study introduces a dual-effect perspective in which revenue concentration simultaneously increases baseline landholding while reducing firms’ responsiveness to external demand shocks. The negative interaction effect implies that, although concentrated firms hold larger landbanks, they adjust their land accumulation less aggressively in response to urbanization than more diversified firms. By integrating insights from urban economics, real estate, and corporate strategy, this study contributes to the literature by highlighting the role of firm heterogeneity in shaping land supply behavior. The findings also offer policy implications, suggesting that land-use regulations should account for differences in firm structure to improve housing supply responsiveness in rapidly urbanizing economies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ardo Ryan Dwitanto, Adler Haymans Manurung, Nera Marinda Machdar, Wastam Wahyu Hidayat http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Financial Literacy in Mediating the Influence of BSI Mitraguna on the Growth of MSMEs in Aceh
This study investigates the influence of BSI Mitraguna financing on the development of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Aceh, with particular attention to the role of financial literacy. Using a quantitative explanatory research design, the study focuses on active BSI Mitraguna financing recipients in Aceh. Respondents were selected based on specific criteria, including a minimum duration of financing engagement and ongoing MSME operations. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire using a Likert scale and analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling--Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method with SmartPLS software. The results reveal that BSI Mitraguna plays a significant role in fostering MSME growth. It not only provides financial capital but also contributes to improving the financial literacy of MSME actors. Furthermore, financial literacy serves as a crucial intermediary, enhancing the effectiveness of financing in driving business development. These findings suggest that microfinance programs are more impactful when integrated with financial education tailored to the specific needs of local entrepreneurs. Ultimately, this study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on Islamic microfinance by demonstrating that the synergy between financing and financial literacy is essential for sustainable MSME development. It also provides practical implications for policymakers and financial institutions to design integrated financing models that not only support capital access but also strengthen entrepreneurial capacity, thereby enhancing long-term economic resilience and inclusive growth
Copyright (c) 2026 Yeni Irawan, Diana Diana, Heri Fajri, Mariana Mariana, Zahriatul Aini, M. Yazid AR http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kebijakan Hukum Pidana tentang Pengenaan Bersamaan Rehabilitasi dan Pidana Pokok terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Narkotika Perspektif Keadilan
Narcotics abuse in Indonesia is a multidimensional issue that involves not only criminal justice concerns but also public health challenges. In law enforcement practice, narcotics addicts and abusers are frequently sentenced to imprisonment without adequate consideration of their need for rehabilitation, raising questions regarding justice and the effectiveness of criminal sanctions. This study aims to analyze criminal law policies concerning the simultaneous imposition of rehabilitation measures and principal criminal penalties on narcotics offenders and to evaluate such policies from a justice perspective. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The data consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which are analyzed qualitatively through a literature-based study. The findings indicate that the Indonesian legal system, through Law Number 35 of 2009 on Narcotics and Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code, provides a normative basis for the implementation of the double track system, which combines criminal punishment with rehabilitative measures. However, the implementation of this policy remains suboptimal due to differing perceptions among law enforcement officials, limitations in integrated assessment mechanisms, and inadequate rehabilitation facilities. From a justice perspective, the simultaneous imposition of principal penalties and rehabilitation can be viewed as a compromise between retributive, utilitarian, and restorative justice, aiming to balance punishment with offender recovery. Therefore, its application should be carried out proportionally and differentially based on the category of offender, degree of culpability, and level of dependency. Such an approach is expected to promote substantive justice, enhance the effectiveness of narcotics control, and provide more humane protection for society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dediansyah Dediansyah, Syamsuddin Syamsuddin, Musmuliadin Musmuliadin, Ridwan Ridwan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Determinasi Keberhasilan Prestasi Atlet Para-Cycling Indonesia dalam Perspektif Integrasi LTAD pada Asian Para Games Hangzhou 2023
Performance sports for people with disabilities in Indonesia have undergone significant development alongside a paradigmatic shift toward a human rights-based approach, positioning para-athletes as subjects with the potential to achieve elite performance. One discipline demonstrating such progress is para-cycling, which demands the integration of physical and mental capabilities, supported by a structured development system. Nevertheless, athletic success is not dictated by physical attributes alone; rather, it is influenced by a complex interaction of various internal and external factors. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the success of Indonesian para-cycling athletes in achieving international distinction. A descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach was employed, utilizing in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving athletes, coaches, and high-performance administrators. Data were processed using thematic analysis to identify relational patterns between factors. The results indicate that athletic success—specifically the attainment of gold medals in international arenas—is the result of a hierarchical and causal process. Internal factors, namely innate potential and mental toughness, serve as the primary determinants that initiate the development process. External factors, such as coaching roles, facilities and infrastructure, government support, and the implementation of Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD), function as supporting elements that reinforce performance. Furthermore, prior experience in other sporting disciplines contributes through a skill transfer mechanism that accelerates athlete adaptation. This research underscores that the success of para-cycling athletes is not merely a matter of physical capacity but is deeply dependent on mental strength as the core foundation, supported by an integrated sports development system
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizan Setyo Nugroho, Nuruddin Priya Budi Santoso, Joko Sulistyono, Teguh Santosa, Shodiq Hutomono, Bagus Kuncoro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Rekonstruksi Konsep Tas’īr Sebagai Instrumen Pengendalian Inflasi Beras Daerah: Studi Kabupaten Lampung Tengah dalam Perspektif Maqāṣid Syarī‘Ah
Tas’īr in Islamic economics is generally still discussed at the normative level regarding the permissibility of price fixing, while its relationship with regional inflation dynamics based on empirical data remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyze rice price fluctuations in Central Lampung Regency in 2025 and reconstruct the concept of tas’īr as an instrument for regional inflation control from the perspective of maqāṣid sharī‘ah. The case of Central Lampung is important to examine because it is an agrarian region and a rice production center, yet it still experienced rice price volatility during certain periods. This study employs a qualitative method with a normative-empirical approach based on document analysis. The primary data consist of the 2025 Price Development Index (Indeks Perkembangan Harga/IPH), policy reports of the Regional Inflation Control Team (Tim Pengendalian Inflasi Daerah/TPID), and Islamic economics literature. The findings reveal that rice price dynamics occurred in three phases: a stable phase from January to June, a rising phase with inflation peaking in September, and a correction phase in October. Price fluctuations were influenced by natural factors such as weather conditions, irrigation issues, and seasonal demand increases, as well as governance-related factors including inefficient distribution systems and long supply chains. In this context, tas’īr is no longer understood merely as direct price fixing, but rather as a corrective instrument of the state when market distortions occur, through strengthening supply, conducting market operations, maintaining food reserves, supervising distribution, and ensuring transparency of price information. This study emphasizes that the contemporary development of the concept of tas’īr can serve as a foundation for regional inflation control policies that are more just, adaptive, and oriented toward public welfare (maṣlaḥah).
Copyright (c) 2026 Linda Jayanti http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Women's Participation in International Education: Gendered Barriers and Diplomatic Agency in South-South Student Mobility
International student mobility has grown substantially over the past two decades, yet gender remains an undertheorized axis within this literature. This article examines the experiences of Indonesian female students who participated in IISMA, a government-sponsored international student exchange program, specifically in Malaysia. Focusing on their motivations, the gendered barriers they navigated, and the diplomatic roles they performed, this study draws on qualitative phenomenological interviews with eight female alumni and institutional data from two major Indonesian universities. The findings reveal that women represent 66 to 70 percent of awardees yet face persistent patriarchal constraints: parental gatekeeping over destination choices, gendered financial disadvantages, and administrative burdens compounded by marriage-readiness expectations. Guided by Raghuram and Sondhi's (2021) gendered mobilities framework and Collins and Bilge's (2020) intersectionality framework, we analyze how participants strategically negotiate overlapping structures of gender, class, and religious norms to achieve participation. Female participants further functioned as active agents of educational diplomacy by organizing cultural events, leading academic collaborations, and transferring knowledge beyond their formal student role. This study contributes to feminist scholarship on international student mobility by foregrounding women's voices and agency in a South-South context and highlights structural gaps that gender-neutral program designs fail to address.
Copyright (c) 2026 Inun Fariha Nuhba, Harsuko Riniwati, Wike Wike http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Islamic Family Law Analysis on Domestic Violence: Implementation of Legal Protection in Banten
This research aims to analyze the implementation of legal protection for domestic violence victims in Banten from the perspective of Islamic family law, focusing on the gap between fiqh norms concerning husband-wife rights and obligations and the practice of legal protection in service institutions. This research employs a qualitative method with a juridical- empirical approach. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with victims, advocates from Women's Advocacy Institutions in Banten, judges at the Serang Religious Court, and counselors from the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA). Participatory observation was carried out during advocacy and mediation processes. Documentation includes court decisions, case records, and policy documents. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman technique guided by the theory of husband-wife rights and obligations in fiqh munakahah and the concept of maqashid al-shari'ah. The research reveals three main problems: first, partial religious understanding of the concepts of husband's leadership (qiwamah) and nusyuz leads to tolerance of domestic violence; second, service institutions face a dilemma between the mediation approach mandated by fiqh and the need for victim protection; third, religious court decisions in Banten have not fully integrated a victim perspective in proving domestic violence as grounds for divorce. Equitable legal protection requires reinterpretation of equal husband-wife rights and obligations with a maqashid perspective.This article provides a comprehensive analysis of domestic violence legal protection implementation in Banten using the framework of husband-wife rights and obligations in fiqh contextualized through the maqashid al-shari'ah approach, and offers an integration model between fiqh norms and positive legal protection mechanisms.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohammad Hifni, Nihayatul Maskuroh, Aspandi Aspandi, Itang Itang , Sayehu Sayehu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Culturally-Based Islamic Character Education Management in Addressing the Moral Crisis At SD IT Alam Nurul Islam Yogyakarta
This study aims to analyze Islamic culture-based character education management in addressing the moral crisis among students at SDIT Alam Nurul Islam in Yogyakarta. This moral crisis, characterized by a decline in discipline, responsibility, and manners, poses a major challenge in elementary education. The study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. The research subjects include the school principal, teachers, educational staff, students, and parents, selected through purposive sampling. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. Data analysis utilizes an interactive model comprising data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research findings indicate that: (1) character education planning is conducted integrally based on the values of the Qur’an and Sunnah; (2) organization is carried out collaboratively through a clear structure and a dual-teacher system; (3) the implementation of character education is conducted through religious habit formation and experiential learning; (4) monitoring is conducted through authentic behavior-based evaluation; and (5) success is influenced by synergy between schools and parents, while obstacles stem from the family environment and digital media. These findings confirm that integrated and collaborative Islamic culture-based character education management is effective in responding to students’ moral crises in a systemic and sustainable manner.
Copyright (c) 2026 Endah Saraswati, Bambang Sudarsono, Enung Hasanah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of a Smartphone-Based Prototype of a Water Multistage Fitness Test Application Instrument
This study aims to: (1) Develop a water MFT test instrument to measure the aerobic endurance of KU-1 swimmers. (2) Design an AFA smartphone application as a database for the aerobic endurance of KU-1 swimmers. (3) Analyze the feasibility of a smartphone-based AFA water MFT instrument application for measuring the aerobic endurance of KU-1 swimmers. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) study with an ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) design. The results of the study showed that: (1) The results of the endurance test on land obtained a range of values ​​​​of levels 8.2-8.8 in the very poor category, a range of values ​​​​of levels 8.8-9.4 in the poor category, a range of values ​​​​of 9.4-10.0 in the sufficient category, a range of values ​​​​of levels 10.0-10.6 in the good category, and a range of levels 10.6-11.2 in the very good category. The results of the endurance test in water obtained a range of values ​​​​of levels 3.5-4.0 in the very poor category, a range of values ​​​​of levels 4.0-4.6 in the poor category, a range of values ​​​​of 4.6-5.1 in the sufficient category, a range of values ​​​​of levels 5.1-5.7 in the good category, and a range of levels 5.7-6.2 in the very good category. (2) The results of the assessment of material experts for physical conditions 1 and 2 were declared suitable for use with a good percentage of 41.7% and a very good percentage of 58.3%. The results of the assessment of swimming practitioner 1 with a good percentage of 12.5% ​​and very good 87.5%. While swimming practitioner 2 with a good percentage of 20.8% and very good 79.2%. So the application is declared suitable for use. The results of the media expert assessment are declared suitable for use with a good percentage of 18.8% and very good of 81.2%. (3) The results of small-scale tests obtained the results that athletes who have aerobic endurance are categorized as very good 3 athletes with a percentage of 20%, good 3 athletes with a percentage of 20%, sufficient 2 athletes with a percentage of 13.3%, less 2 athletes with a percentage of 13.3%, and very less 5 athletes with a percentage of 33.3%. The results of the large-scale test showed that 7 athletes with good aerobic endurance (23.3%), 9 athletes with adequate aerobic endurance (30%), 7 athletes with poor
Copyright (c) 2026 Ardhika Falaahudin, Dody Tri Iwandana, Agus Supriyanto, Fajar Vidya Hartono, Ali Md Nadzalan, Nizar Raihan Potutu, Afroga Muhhakat Destri Putra http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Branding Strategies for Tourism Destinations in Luwuk Banggai: Challenges and Opportunities
This study analyzes the digital branding strategies used to promote tourism destinations in Luwuk Banggai and examines the challenges and opportunities that shape their implementation. Materials and Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was employed. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, field observations, documentation, and analysis of tourism-related social media content. Participants represented the tourism office, destination management, local tourism businesses, content creators, and domestic tourists. The material was analyzed thematically through familiarization, coding, categorization, theme development, cross-source comparison, and interpretation. Results: Instagram and TikTok were the most intensively used platforms because they supported visual storytelling, short-form video, rapid circulation, and direct audience interaction. Branding practices centered on destination photography, reels, short videos, captions, hashtags, and user-generated content. At the same time, the findings revealed a visibility–capability gap: strong platform adoption was not yet matched by consistent brand identity, coordinated editorial planning, professional content production, digital marketing competence, promotional resources, or reliable connectivity. Opportunities arose from expanding social media use, visitor-created content, influencer partnerships, digital tourism behavior, and community participation. Conclusions: Digital branding can strengthen the visibility and competitiveness of Luwuk Banggai, but sustainable results require an integrated destination identity, differentiated platform roles, systematic content governance, stronger human-resource capacity, improved infrastructure, and collaboration among public, private, community, and creator stakeholders. The study contributes a contextual explanation of how regional destinations can achieve high online visibility while still facing limited institutional branding capacity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wahyudin Rahman, Sutrisno K Djawa, Pardin Lasaksi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Constitutional Design of Minimum Age for Ministerial Candidates in Indonesia
The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Law No. 39 of 2008 on State Ministries do not explicitly set a minimum age requirement to become a minister. This omission may lead to legal uncertainty. This study aims to formulate an ideal constitutional design that aligns with the principles of the rule of law, equal rights of citizens, and the presidential system of government as mandated by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The method used in this study is normative legal research, employing a legislative, conceptual, and comparative legal approach. Primary and secondary legal materials were collected through literature studies and then analyzed qualitatively using prescriptive-analytical techniques. The results of the study indicate that setting a minimum age limit for ministerial candidates could create legal uncertainty and contradict the guarantee of equality before the law. This study concludes that an appropriate constitutional design requires an age limit that is proportional and measurable, formulated through a legislative program or judicial review of the Law on State Ministries, to ensure legal certainty while encouraging the realization of transparent governance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ihsan, Taufiqul Hadi, Nur Sari Dewi.M http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Work Disruptions, Gender, and Marital Status in Gen Z Performance
This study investigates how work disruptions influence the performance of Generation Z employees and whether these effects are conditioned by gender, social media use, and marital status. Drawing on the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) framework, work disruptions are conceptualized as job demands that can undermine performance when not balanced by adequate resources. Data were collected through an online survey of 247 Gen Z employees in Indonesia using snowball sampling. Measurement instruments were adapted from Chen and Karahanna (2018) and applied with a seven-point Likert scale. Quantitative analyses tested first-order moderation (gender) and second-stage moderation (social media use and marital status). Results indicate that work disruptions significantly reduce work performance. Gender alone does not significantly moderate this relationship, and social media use also fails to act as a second-stage moderator. However, marital status strengthens the role of gender in shaping the impact of work disruptions on performance. These findings underscore the importance of integrating social factors into organizational strategies for managing Gen Z employees. Ultimately, this study contributes to both theory and practice by demonstrating that understanding the interplay of work disruptions, gender, and marital status is essential for designing effective learning and human resource development processes in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wanta Wanta, Rengga Madya Pratama, Uus M.D Fadli http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Impact of Civil Law Outreach on Public Understanding of Land and Inheritance Disputes in the Jakarta Capital Region
This study aims to analyse the impact of civil law outreach programmes on the public’s understanding of land and inheritance disputes in the DKI Jakarta region. The research method employed a literature review using a qualitative-descriptive approach to analyse various sources of literature relevant to the research context. The results of the study indicate that civil law education has a significant positive impact on improving the understanding of the public in DKI Jakarta regarding land and inheritance disputes, particularly concerning the legality of land certificates, procedures for sale, purchase and transfer of ownership, the distribution of inheritance according to the Civil Code and the Islamic Inheritance Law, as well as the importance of legal documents such as wills and deeds of inheritance. This improved understanding contributes to increased legal awareness among the public regarding the legal processing of land certification and the transfer of rights, as well as orderliness in the recording of inheritance, which ultimately reduces family conflicts. Nevertheless, there are various obstacles, such as a limited number of legal educators, the diversity of the public’s educational backgrounds, legal language that is too technical, a cultural perception that discussing inheritance is taboo, and limitations in the timing and location of the legal education sessions. This study recommends the need for synergy between the government, legal aid institutions, religious leaders, traditional leaders, and the community, adopting a more holistic and sustainable approach through training for village officials, the development of more comprehensive materials, the use of digital media, and regular evaluations to enhance the effectiveness of civil law outreach in reducing land and inheritance disputes in Jakarta.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gunawan Widjaja http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efficacy of Diaphragmatic Breathing and Balloon-Blowing Load Exercises in Improving Lung Capacity Among Athlete Runners
Lung capacity is an important physiological component that plays a role in the performance of middle- and long-distance runners. Breathing exercises based on strengthening respiratory muscles, such as diaphragmatic breathing and balloon-blowing load exercise have been shown to contribute to improved lung function. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of DB and BBE in increasing lung capacity in university runners, taking into account differences in age range. The study used a 2×2 factorial experimental design with two types of exercise diaphragmatic breathing and balloon-blowing load exercise and two age categories ≤19 years and >19 years. The study sample was UNS runners selected through a total sampling technique. All participants underwent a four-week training program with a frequency of three times per week and a duration of 30–45 minutes per session. Lung capacity was measured using spirometry in the pre-test and post-test phases. The results showed that both DB and BBE provided a significant increase in lung capacity compared to baseline. BBE showed a greater increase than DB, indicating the effectiveness of expiratory load in training pulmonary ventilation capacity. The findings confirm that a diaphragmatic control-based breathing intervention and expiratory resistance can induce ventilatory adaptations relevant to a young athletic population. Analysis showed that age and training type did not significantly influence pretest and posttest responses, indicating that both intervention models have the potential for relatively universal benefits for young adult runners. Through a structured, 12-session intervention design, this study adds to the evidence that simple, inexpensive, and easy-to-implement breathing exercises can be an effective strategy for supporting athletes' respiratory function. Limitations such as the small sample size, short intervention duration, and the lack of additional mechanistic measurements suggest the need for further research to provide a more comprehensive picture. Overall, this study makes a significant contribution to the literature on respiratory training and confirms the potential of breathing exercises as an important component of a runner's physical capacity development program.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rofi’ Nurul ‘Aini, Slamet Riyadi, Muchsin Doewes http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Ensuring Fairness in Automated Traffic Enforcement: Examining Algorithmic Justice and Due Process in Malang's ETLE System
This study analyzes the implementation of Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE) in Indonesia and its consequential due process principle and algorithmic justice. The use of electronic traffic law enforcement (ETLE) has been embraced as a means to better achieve efficiency, transparency, and objectivity in the enforcement of traffic laws; however, procedural tension continues regarding how this style of enforcement plays into issues of due process and individual rights. This scientific paper aims to conduct a critical review on whether the ETLE system in Malang Regency aligns with due process of law and algorithmic justice. This study uses an empirical juridical (socio-legal) method with a descriptive-analytical approach, which makes legal analysis and field data from interviews, observations, and official traffic violations from the years 2021–2024. Results based on data until October 2023 show that ETLE enhances administrative efficiency, minimizes officer-citizen interaction, and solidifies evidence-based enforcement. Nonetheless, the system does not adequately satisfy due process and falls short—notably with regard to the right to be informed, the right to be heard, and access to effective remedies. Moreover, lack of transparency and accountability and inadequate human oversight are gaps in reaching algorithmic justice. ETLE increases governance quality but requires a robust mechanism for institutional and procedural reforms to augment fairness and transparency in the detection, prosecution, and adjudication of offenders while ensuring the protection of fundamental legal rights.
Copyright (c) 2026 Angka Husada, Budi Parmono, Rahmatul Hidayati http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Problematics of Mobile Lending (Bank Keliling) Practices in Rural Areas: An Islamic Law Analysis of Riba and Gharar Elements and Their Implications for Rural Financial Behavior
This study aims to analyze the practice of mobile lending (“bank keliling”) in Banjit Subdistrict, Way Kanan Regency from the perspective of Islamic law, particularly in relation to the elements of riba (usury) and gharar (uncertainty), as well as to examine its implications for rural financial behavior. This research employs a socio-legal approach with a qualitative method through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving 66 informants, including community members, lenders, religious leaders, and local authorities. The findings reveal that although the practices vary in form, they fundamentally contain elements of riba, either explicitly or disguised under terms such as “profit-sharing,” thereby violating the fiqh maxim kullu qardin jarra naf’an fahuwa riba and the principle of al-ghunmu bi al-ghurmi. Furthermore, significant elements of gharar are identified, reflected in unclear contracts, lack of transparency, and the absence of written agreements, which contradict the principle of clarity in transactions and the maxim al-‘ibrah fi al-‘uqud li al-maqasid wa al-ma’ani. The joint liability system also violates the principles of la dharar wa la dhirar and al-darar yuzal as it creates disproportionate collective harm. Empirically, these practices contribute to unhealthy financial behavior, including debt dependency, consumptive patterns, and recurring debt traps. This study concludes that mobile lending practices are not only inconsistent with Islamic law but also detrimental to rural economic stability, thus requiring comprehensive interventions through financial literacy, regulatory enforcement, and the development of inclusive sharia-based financing alternatives.
Copyright (c) 2026 Medi Romi Ardianto, Andriansyah Andriansyah, Dwi Ayu Widyaningsih, Rizky Ananda http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Beyond Usability: Modeling User Satisfaction in Alumni Networking Platforms Using WebQual 4.0 and SEM-PLS
This study examines the effect of website quality on user satisfaction using the WebQual 4.0 framework in the context of an alumni networking platform. The study aims to determine which dimension—usability quality, information quality, or service interaction quality—has the most dominant influence on user satisfaction. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey method, with data collected from 298 respondents through purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4. The results indicate that the research model has moderate explanatory power, with an R² value of 0,495, meaning that 49,5% of user satisfaction is explained by the three website quality dimensions. Hypothesis testing reveals that service interaction quality has a positive and significant effect on user satisfaction (β = 0,440; p < 0,001; f² = 0.239) and is the most dominant factor. Information quality also has a positive and significant effect (β = 0,329; p < 0,001; f² = 0,133). In contrast, usability quality does not have a significant effect (β = 0,090; p = 0,059; f² = 0,016), indicating that usability is perceived as a basic requirement rather than a primary driver of satisfaction. These findings indicate that user satisfaction is primarily influenced by service interaction quality, followed by information quality.
Copyright (c) 2026 Grace Kilmaskossu, Sfenrianto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kualifikasi Tindak Pidana Love Scam dan Kekosongan Norma dalam Perspektif KUHP 2023 di Indonesia
The rapid development of information and communication technologies has transformed patterns of social interaction through digital spaces and facilitated the emergence of various forms of technology-based crime. One of the fastest-growing forms is love scam or online romance fraud, a type of deception conducted through digital platforms by establishing emotional intimacy with victims to obtain financial benefits. Unlike conventional fraud, love scams combine emotional manipulation, digital identity fabrication, and the exploitation of online communication platforms (Whitty & Buchanan, 2012; Wang & Topalli, 2022). Despite its increasing prevalence, the legal classification of love scams under Indonesian criminal law remains unclear, particularly when examined within the framework of Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code (KUHP 2023) and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law). This study aims to analyze the legal qualification of love scams under KUHP 2023 and the ITE Law, as well as to identify existing normative gaps through a comparative legal approach. The research employs a normative legal methodology using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The findings indicate that love scams constitute a form of cyber-enabled fraud situated at the intersection of conventional fraud and cybercrime. KUHP 2023 does not explicitly accommodate the digital dimension and emotional manipulation inherent in such offenses, while the ITE Law does not specifically regulate fraud committed through personal and romantic relationships. This regulatory gap creates legal disharmony and normative uncertainty. Therefore, criminal law reform is necessary through either an expanded interpretation of fraud offenses or the establishment of specific legal provisions addressing love scams, in order to ensure legal certainty and provide comprehensive protection for victims.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dewi Indah Safira, Rahadi Wasi Bintoro, Zaid Abdul Azis http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0