The Impact of Changes in Social Policies Aimed at Eradicating Poverty on Remote Indigenous Communities in North Gorontalo Regency

Abstract

This research examines in-depth changes in social policy aimed at poverty alleviation targeting Isolated Indigenous Communities (KAT) in North Gorontalo Regency. Poverty among isolated indigenous groups is not simply a manifestation of material economic inadequacy, but rather the accumulation of geographic isolation, limited access to basic services, and long-standing structural marginalization. Using a qualitative approach with a case study design, this research explores two main focuses: the impact of poverty alleviation policies and the forms of change experienced by KAT communities following the implementation of empowerment programs and settlement relocation. Data were collected through participatory observation techniques, in-depth interviews with informants from local government, community support staff, community leaders, and KAT heads of families, as well as documentation studies. The results show that this policy has had a highly transformative, multidimensional impact. Socially, the shackles of isolation have been broken; economically, stable livelihood diversification has been created; and in health and education, accessibility to basic services has drastically increased. The changes are manifested at three fundamental levels: the individual, who transforms to become more economically independent and proactive; the household, who experiences housing stability and food security; and the community, who becomes more cohesive through the reactualization of the local wisdom of mutual cooperation (Huyula). The success of this policy demonstrates the relevance of Merilee S. Grindle's implementation theory, where the policy content is able to respond to objective needs and the implementation context is fully supported by the high responsiveness of the target group.