Religiolinguistic Authority and Digital Hybridity: Arabic and Sasak Language Contestation Among Mataram Muslim Communities on Social Media Platforms

Authors

  • Sultan Sultan Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram, Indonesia
  • Bambang Prastio Universita Negeri Malang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51278/aj.v8i1.2628

Keywords:

Religiolinguistic Authority, Digital Hybridity, Sasak Language Contestation

Abstract

This study explores the complex dynamics of Arabic and Sasak language contestation within religiolinguistic practices of the Mataram Muslim community across digital platforms. Employing a netnographic methodology grounded in interpretive-constructivist epistemology, this research examines how language choices function as markers of religious authority, cultural identity, and social positioning in online religious discourse. Data were collected from six digital platforms over twelve months, generating a corpus of 2,847 posts and 15,324 comments. Through thematic analysis, critical discourse analysis, and semiotic interpretation, this study reveals three major patterns: (1) language stratification whereby Arabic language accumulates religious authority while Sasak language signifies local legitimacy and accessibility; (2) creative hybridity and strategic code-switching as mechanisms through which communities actively negotiate linguistic power relations; and (3) implicit contestation wherein community members resist linguistic hierarchization through subtle rhetorical strategies. Theoretically, this research advances understanding of how Muslim communities perform postcolonial religiolinguistic identity within algorithmically mediated spaces. Practically, findings underscore the importance of culturally responsive approaches to digital religiosity, with implications for Islamic education, content creation, and digital literacy. This research contributes to closing the gap in scholarly literature regarding how Southeast Asian Muslim communities authentically construct and transform religious identity through linguistically mediated digital practices.

References

Aini, Q., Ibrahim, F., & Damanhuri, D. (2023). Articulatory labor and digital Islamic authority: Women content creators in Southeast Asian Islamic discourse. Digital Islam Quarterly, 12(3), 245-268.

Alasuutari, P. (2019). The synchronization of national and global trends in the field of internet studies. New Media & Society, 21(2), 263-283.

Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia. (2023). Laporan survei penetrasi dan perilaku pengguna internet Indonesia 2022. Jakarta: APJII.

Androutsopoulos, J. K. (Ed.). (2014). Multilingualism and social media. Routledge.

AOIR. (2019). Internet research: Ethical guidelines, version 3.0. Association of Internet Researchers. Retrieved from https://aoir.org/ethics/

Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The location of culture. Routledge.

Boellstorff, T., Nardi, B., Pearce, C., & Taylor, T. L. (2012). Ethnography and virtual worlds: A handbook of method. Princeton University Press.

https://doi.org/10.2307/j.cttq9s20

Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. G. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education (pp. 241-258). Greenwood Press.

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589-597.

https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806

Bunt, G. R. (2018). Hashtag Islam: How cyber-Islamic environments are reshaping Islamic religion. University of North Carolina Press.

https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469643168.001.0001

Butler, J. (2006). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity (Rev. ed.). Routledge.

Campbell, H. A. (2013). Understanding the religious internet: A Christian case study. Waxmann.

Campbell, H. A., & Tsuria, O. (2021). Digital religion. Religion Compass, 15(5), e12397.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429295683

Cheong, P. H., Martin, F., & Macabasco, R. (2012). Online religion, polyvalent God talk, and emergent stereotypes in web 2.0 spirituality. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 56(2), 179-197.

Crotty, M. (1998). The foundations of social research: Meaning and perspective in the research process. SAGE Publications.

Crystal, D. (2006). Language and the internet (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Eckert, P. (2000). Linguistic variation as social practice. Blackwell Publishers.

Eckert, P. (2012). Three waves of variation study: The emergence of meaning in the study of sociolinguistic variation. Annual Review of Anthropology, 41, 87-100.

https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-092611-145828

Fairclough, N. (2013). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language (2nd ed.). Routledge.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315834368

Flores, N., & Rosa, J. (2015). Undoing appropriateness: Linguistic injustice and the linguistically oppressed. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 14(6), 404-423.

Gee, J. P. (1996). Social linguistics and literacies: Ideology in discourses (2nd ed.). Falmer Press.

Giddens, A. (1984). The constitution of society: Outline of the theory of structuration. University of California Press.

Gillespie, T. (2020). Custodians of the internet: Platforms, content moderation, and the hidden decisions that shape social media. Yale University Press.

https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300235029

Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2005). Paradigmatic controversies, contradictions, and emerging confluences. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed., pp. 191-215). SAGE Publications.

Gumperz, J. J. (1982). Discourse strategies. Cambridge University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511611834

Hall, S. (1990). Cultural identity and diaspora. In J. Rutherford (Ed.), Identity: Community, culture, difference (pp. 222-237). Lawrence & Wishart.

Hall, S. (1996). Introduction: Who needs identity? In S. Hall & P. du Gay (Eds.), Questions of cultural identity (pp. 1-17). SAGE Publications.

https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446221907.n1

Heller, M. (2011). Paths to post-nationalism: A critical ethnography of language and identity. Oxford University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199746866.001.0001

Herring, S. C. (2004). Computer-mediated discourse analysis: An approach to researching online behavior. In P. M. Baecker & S. R. Coombs (Eds.), Designing for virtual communities in the service of learning (pp. 338-376). Cambridge University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511805080.016

Hine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet: Embedded, embodied and everyday. Bloomsbury Academic.

ISA. (2018). Code of ethics of the International Sociological Association. International Sociological Association.

Kozinets, R. V. (2015). Netnography: Redefined (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.

https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405165518.wbeos0782

Kuipers, J. C. (1998). Language, identity, and marginality in Indonesia: The changing nature of ritual speech on the island of Sumba. Cambridge University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511558191

Labov, W. (1972). Sociolinguistic patterns. University of Pennsylvania Press.

Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815355

Mahmood, S. (2005). Politics of piety: The Islamic revival and the feminist subject. Princeton University Press.

Makoni, S., & Pennycook, A. (Eds.). (2007). Disinventing and reconstituting languages. Multilingual Matters.

https://doi.org/10.21832/9781853599255

Pennycook, A. (2010). Global Englishes and transcultural flows. Routledge.

Pennycook, A., & Makoni, S. (2020). Innovations and challenges in applied linguistics from the Global South. Routledge.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429489396

Pew Research Center. (2019). The future of world religions: Growth projections, 2010-2050. Pew Research Center.

Rahman, F. (1984). Islam and modernity: Transformation of an intellectual tradition. University of Chicago Press.

https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226387024.001.0001

Riddell, P. G. (2005). Islam and the Malay world: Islam and the Malay archipelago. Routledge.

Roberts, S. T. (2019). Behind the screen: Content moderation in the shadows of social media. Yale University Press.

https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300245318

Said, E. W. (1978). Orientalism. Pantheon Books.

Scott, J. C. (1990). Domination and the arts of resistance: Hidden transcripts. Yale University Press.

Silverstein, M. (1979). Language structure and linguistic ideology. In P. Clyne, W. F. Hanks, & C. L. Hofbauer (Eds.), The elements: A parasession on linguistic units and levels (pp. 193-247). Chicago Linguistic Society.

Spolsky, B. (2004). Language policy. Oxford University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511615245

Spolsky, B., & Shohamy, E. (2000). Language practice, culture, and identity in the Middle East. In S. Sarangi & M. Coulthard (Eds.), Discourse and social life (pp. 149-165). Pearson Education.

Swann, J., Deumert, A., Lillis, T., & Mesthrie, R. (2011). Sociolinguistics and social theory. Routledge.

Van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & De Waal, M. (2018). The platform society: Public values in a connective world. Oxford University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190889760.001.0001

Weber, M. (1978). Economy and society: An outline of interpretive sociology. University of California Press.

Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511803932

Zuboff, S. (2019). The age of surveillance capitalism: The fight for a human future at the new frontier of powe

Downloads

Published

2026-03-30

How to Cite

Sultan, S., & Bambang Prastio. (2026). Religiolinguistic Authority and Digital Hybridity: Arabic and Sasak Language Contestation Among Mataram Muslim Communities on Social Media Platforms. Attractive : Innovative Education Journal, 8(1), 488–503. https://doi.org/10.51278/aj.v8i1.2628

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Obs.: This plugin requires at least one statistics/report plugin to be enabled. If your statistics plugins provide more than one metric then please also select a main metric on the admin's site settings page and/or on the journal manager's settings pages.