Development of Interactive E-Module Based on Van Hiele Learning with Deep Learning Approach Assisted by GeoGebra 3D Augmented Reality to Stimulate Vocational High School Students' Spatial Literacy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51278/aj.v8i3.2437Keywords:
Spatial Literacy, Van Hiele, Geo Gebra 3D AR, Deep Learning, Interactive E-ModuleAbstract
Spatial literacy is a crucial 21st-century competency supporting STEM learning; however, Indonesian students' achievement in space and shape content remains low (PISA 2022 score: 366). This research aims to develop an interactive e-module based on Van Hiele theory with a deep learning approach assisted by GeoGebra 3D Augmented Reality (AR) to enhance vocational high school students' spatial literacy. This study employed Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research subjects consisted of 32 twelfth-grade students at SMK Muhammadiyah Purworejo for the limited trial and 64 students (32 from SMK TKM Purworejo and 32 from SMK YPP Purworejo) for the field trial in the 2025/2026 academic year. Data collection techniques included interviews, expert validation questionnaires (material and media), teacher and student response questionnaires, and spatial literacy tests (pretest and posttest) based on visualization, reasoning, and spatial communication indicators. Data analysis used validation and practicality percentage, N-Gain test, paired sample t-test, and effect size (Cohen's d). The results showed the module was feasible for use as it met valid, practical, and effective criteria: (1) the e-module was declared very valid (86.25%); (2) very practical based on teacher responses (89.2% in limited trial, 92.1% in field trial) and student responses (84.6% in limited trial, 89.7% in field trial); (3) effective in improving spatial literacy with N-Gain of 0.68 (moderate category) in the limited trial and 0.65 (moderate category) in the field trial, paired sample t-test showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in both trials, and effect size of 1.12 (large category) in the limited trial and 1.04 (large category) in the field trial. This research contributes to developing technology-based geometry learning media in vocational education through the integration of Van Hiele syntax, deep learning approach, and GeoGebra 3D AR in one interactive e-module proven valid, practical, and effective.
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